Leather-stoning machine.



N o. 65|,036. Patentedlune 5, |900. A. A. GUIGUES.

LEATHER STONING MACHINE.

(Application Bled De'c. 19, 1898.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet I.

ll I" .Ew 'M "nl I No, 651,036. Patented June 5, |900. A. A. GUIGUES.

LEATHER STONING MACHINE.

(Application Kled Dec. 19, 1898.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.;

I .I I;

A. A. GUIGUES.

LEATHER STUNING MACHINE.

(Application iled Dec. 19, 1898.) (No Model.)

3 Shets-Sheet 3.

Patented lune 5,1!900. y

vFrittelle.;

PATENT ALBERT A. GUIGUES, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

LEATHER-sToNING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 651,036, dated .une' 5, 190`O; Application filed December 19,1898. Serial No. 699,653. (No/model.)

T all 1071/0111, it may concern: A

Be it known that l, ALBERT A. GUIGUES, a

citizen of the United States, residing at -New-V ing specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the saine.

The object of the presentinvention is to provide an effective machine for the rubbing down or smoothing of the coatings applied to the leather at different stages of the manufacture in the making of japanned or enameled leather, called .patent-leather; and the present improvements are especially adapted to perform such rubbing or smoothing without marking, scratching, or cutting such coatings so as to deface the enamel upon the finished article. A rotary cushioned drum is used in such machines to support the leather beneath a revolving rubbing-stone, and l have .found it especially important to maintain a true cylindrical surface upon such drum and to support it. with great iirmness, as any inequalities in its surface or any vibration of the drum tends to produce inju-` rious marks upon the finished article.

The invention includes a cushioned drum revolved at the same surface speed as the stone, so that when the leather is moved from between the adjacent surfaces of the drum and stone the stone may not abrade or cut the surface of the drum, which would render it uneven, and enable it to support the leather steadily. Italso includes a treadle, With link connections adapted to raise the drum for pressing the leather upon the stone,'and movable supports for the lower ends'of the links to prevent the links from either upward or downward movement, and thus support the drum steadily when raised.

In rubbing machines having a rotating stone it has been common to rotate by mechanical agency a cylindrical brush in contact with the surface of the stone to clean the gummy deposit which is transferred from the leather to the stone; but where any agency is employed to positively rotate the brush it tends to wear out the surface of the brush by rubbing it against the stone.

In the present construction l employ a cylindricalV brush' with stiff projecting wires, which is rotated merely by the contact of the stone and which operates to dislodge the deposit fromthestonein an entirely-novel manner by indenting such deposit at numerousl points, and thus spreading and dislodging it from the surface.

stone prevents it from pressing with much 4force upon any particular point; but in my construction l use a lshort brush moved across the face of the stone and set obliquely to the axis of the stone, so as to make a tangential contact with the stone.v of contact is thus secured, upon which the pressure of thebrush is concentrated, and as the brush is revolved by the stone there is` no friction generated to wear the Wires rapidly; but the constant change of contact fbrings the wires into fresh and effective operation with all parts of the stone in succession. The brush is mounted upon a reciprocating carriage, which mayalso be used to `carry a diamond tool for truing the stone when not in use.

The revolving stone is mounted in fixed bearings above an inclined table upon which the leather is moved about vduring the rubbing operation, and the drum ioned drum and the means for actuating the same, with the base portion of the frame adjacentto such drum. Fig. 5 is an end view of the guide l; and Fig. 6 a side View of the stonecleaning brush, with the carriage for traversing the same in contact with the stone.y

A designates the inclined table to support the leather with the coated side upward.

B designates the base portion of the two side frames which extend under and support I find that a brush which. is held in a fixed position adjacent to the' stone has very little effect upon the deposit, as its Contact over thewhole length of the Asmall point IOO the table and the cushioned drum, and B designates the goo'seneck portions of such frames, which extend over the table and support the rotary stone C.

In practice I employ a cylindrical stone oi. emery composition; buta cylinder faced with pumice-stone or any suitable abrasive material may be used.

The rear end of the frame is provided with bearings D for counter-shaft d, which is provided with fastand loose pulleys D' to receive the driving-belt. The stone C is mounted upon a spindle c in bearings l) upon the end ofthe gooseneck, and such spindle is provided with pulley C', receiving a belt E from a pulley E upon the counter-shaft.

The gooseneck portions of the frame are united in the rear of the bearings b by a tiebar B2 and a transverse frame B3. The table is formed with an aperture A', adjacent to the stone C, and is supported by a hinge-bar ct near the rear end and adjustable links a' near the front end. The hinge-bar serves as a cleat for the table and has its lower edge fitted to notches a2 in the frame portions B. (See Fig. 4.) The cushiondrnm F is formed of brushes made in segments fand attached to cast-iron pulleysf. The pulleys form an iron drum, which is cushioned by the peripheral brushes, and the shaft F' is mounted in bearings g at the forward end of a yoke hinged upon the base portion of the frame B in the rear of the drum. The outer end of the shaft F is provided with a pulley F2, which receives a crossbelt F3 from a pulley F4 upon the countershaft, and the pulleys which drive the stone and drum are proportioned to rotate both at the same surface speed and away from the front edge of the table, as indicated by the arrows e.

The belt F3 as tvell as the other belts shown in Fig. 1 are represented in dotted lines, while they are represented in full lines in Fig. 2. The dotted lilies are used in Fig. l to avoid obscuring the drawings with numerous full lines.

The yoke is designated, collectively, G in Fig. 1 and shown in detail in Fig. 4, in which is shown its central hub G', having arms G2 projected forwardly to carry the bearings g, and arms G3,projected backwardly to carry counterbalance-weights G4. The hub of the yoke is pivoted upon one of the frame tie-bars K, and other tie-bars are shown at K' and K2. Links Il are pivoted to the lower sides of the bearings g and provided each in the lower end with a roll 7L, fitted to a groove in an inclined guide l. Such guide is held upon the base-frame B in such a relation to the link that when the lower end of the link is moved forwardly from the position indicated by dotted lines to that indicated in full lines the bearings g and the drum F are moved upwardly to press the drum against the lower side of the revolving stone.

A treadle .I is pivoted upon the tiebar K and connectedby arms 7c and connectingrods le' with links H, so that the depression of the treadle operates to move the links forward, and thus press the yielding surface of the drum against the revolving stone. The arms 7a are provided with springs L, which operate to draw the linksnormall y backward, and thus move the drum promptly away from the stone when the foot-pressure is removed from the treadle.

A skin S is represented upon the table between the drum and the stone and lifted from the table as it is pressed upon the stone bythe drum. The skins to be stoned are laid one at a time upon the table (when the drum is lowered) with the coated side toward the stone C, and the depression of the treadle then presses the skin elastically toward the stone, while the skin is moved into various positions to subject its entire surface to the rubbing and smoothing action of the stone. Any vibration of the stone or of the yielding drum during the stoning operation tends to grind ridges in the coating of the leather or to otherwise deface or mark the same so as to injure the uniform appearance of the final polish, and to avoid such vibration the gooseneck portions of the frame are made very strong, and the drum is furnished with a positive support when vpressed against the stone by the fitting of the rolls h in the grooved guide I.

It is obvious that a roll would not move freely within the groove if fitted tightly to both its upper and lower surfaces, and I therefore divide the roll transversely, as shown in Fig. 5, into two disks and form the groove with two portions to bear upon the upper and lower sides, respectively, of such disks. Such contact of the disks with the guide is effected by offsetting one-half the longitudinal surface at each side of the guide, where it is desired to clear one side of the roll, as indicated at t' in Fig. 5.

The links a under the front portion of the table are formed with slots, (indicated by dotted lines CL2) through which a bolt b2 is inserted into the frame portion B, and the table may thus be adjusted at the most desirable distance from the stone. The successive coatings applied to the leather (for IOO IOS

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enameling its surface) are more or less sticky in their texture and tend to clog the surface of the revolving stone, and I provide acylin drical brush extended the whole length ol` the stone to remove any slightly-adherent deposit and a short brush traversed across the face of the stone continuously where a more sticky deposit is to be removed. In either case the brush is wholly unprovided with any rotating mechanism, and is thus revolved merely by Contact with the stone, which avoids any friction between their surfaces and any unequal wear of the brush, as when rotated at a different surface speed than the stone. The wire brush lm (shown quired.

in Figs. l and 3j is mounted at the rear of the stone, near its lower side, in a swingframe M, provided with a handle n', by which the brush may be pressed against the stone by the operator when necessary.

The tangentially-arranged brush is shown in Figs. 2 and 6 and has a spindle fitted loosely to inclined bearings upon a carriage o', which is guided movably at the rear of the stone C by a tie-bar D2, and is reciprocated upon the tie-bar by a feed-screw P, which is driven by a detachable connection with the countershaft d, so as to be actuated whenever re- The screw is formed with crossed threads, as is common'in such constructions, to automatically reverse the movement of the carriage, the threads being run into one another at their ends, and a swivel-bloekp upon the carriage being fitted to the groove or thread of the screw, so as to move the carriage continuously back and forth across the face of the stone as long as the screw is'revolved. The carriage is provided with a slide having a hand-wheel i to adjust it toward the stone and a tool-postj to clamp the tool thereon.

In Figs. 2 and 6 the bearings of the short brush fm are shown held by a shank in such tool-post, with the brush at an angle wit-h the axis of the stone C, so that the cylindrical brush makes a short tangential cont-act therewith. The reciprocation of the carriage moves the brush back and forth constantly at the side of the stone when coupled with the feed-shaft, and the slide upon the carriage is adjusted to press the brush upon the stone with the desired force, the contact then rotating the brush continuously with dierent parts of the surface of the' stone as the brush moves back and forth across the face of the same. In this mode of operation the brush does not rub the surface of the stone or drag the deposit therefrom, but is formed with stiff wires, the ends of which indent the deposit upon the surface of the stone and dislodge the same by expanding and crowding the same from such surface. Thefeed-screw P is connected detachably with the counter-shaft by a feed-shaft Q, which is connected with the screw by pulleys i' and belt r. The feedshaft is driven from vthe counter-shaft, when desired, by friction-pulleys q, and the feedsbaft is provided at one end with an eccentric bearing s, by the rotation of which one end of the feed-shaft may be moved to or from the counter-shaft to press the friction-pulleys together or to separate them, as may be desired. The bearing s2 at the opposite end of the feed-shaft is swiveled into one of the side frames, as shown by the partial section at the right-hand upper corner of Fig. 2. The eccentric bearing s is provided with a handle s', which may be turned in the direction shown in full lines in Fig. 1 when the rotation of the screw is desired, as such movement operates to press the friction-wheels together, or it may be moved into the posit-ion indicated in dotted lin'es in thje same 'figure,f which operates to separate the friction-wheels 'and arrest thc movement of the feed-screw.

When the machine is not operating upon the leather, a diamond or other` tool (indicated at o in Fig. l) may be substituted upon the carriage o for the rotary brush and em-l `ployed to true up the surface of the stone.

My invention has many advantages, as the revolution ofthe stone and cushioned drum with the same surface speed enables me to revolve them both with higher velocity than could otherwise be employed Without any injury to the drum when pressed accidentally into direct contact with the stone. The links having the roll-bearings at the bottom serve to hold the drum very steadily when pressed upward, and the obliquely-set brush trav-` ersed across the stone operates in a very ef-l fective manner to clean the deposit from its surface. The machine may thus be oper- Iated in the most effective manner, and it is efficiently maintained with the smallestamount of attention from the operator.

the rubbing-table while the surface of theV stone revolves against it at Vhigh velocity, and the rotation of the stone and drum at a similar surface speed thus performs animportant function in my machine which is absent from vcalender and embossing rolls, vas both the stone and drum rub upon the surface of the leather during its entire treatment in the machine, and the stone is liable to cut and injure the drum if operated at different surface speed, as has heretofore been the case.

My invention preserves the cushioned drum from injury, and thus greatly increases its durability and the uniformity of its surface.

Wire brushes have been used heretofore to clean a grinding wheel or-drum; but'such brushes have been made the whole length of the drum, so that thek wires operated constantly upon the same portion of the drums periphery, while the shortv brush used in my invention enables me to traverse the brush along the stone and to thus constantly change IIO its bearing and to secure more uniform effeet.

Having thus set forth the nature of the invention, what is claimed herein is- 1. A leather-stoning machine in which theleather is supported upon an inclined table and held by the hands of the operator, and. moved into various positions beneath the stone, and having a cushioned drum for pressing the leather toward the stone, and provided with means for positively rotating the stone and drum at the same surface speed, to prevent any abrasion of the drum when accidentally brought into contact with the stone.

2. In a leathenstonin g machine, the combination, with a cylindrical rubbing-stone, of a table for supporting the leather beneath such stone and provided with an aperture adjacent to the stone, the cushioned drum projected through such aperture and having an axle with bearin gs movable toward the stone, links projected downwardly from such bearings and provided each with a roll on its lower end, an inclined guide held upon the frame to support such roll, and a treadle with connections to the links to move the roll longitudinally in the guide and operated to lift and hold the drum firmly when pressing the leather toward the stone, substantially as herein set forth.

3; In aleatherrubbing machine, the combination, with two side frames tied together and having each a base portion and a gooseneck portion extended over such base, of a cylindrical stone rotated in bearin gs upon the ends of the goosenecks, a table mounted between the two portions of the frame with an aperture adjacent to such stone, a yoke hinged upon the base portion of the frame and carrying a cushioned drum, means connected with the yoke for substantially counterbal ancing the weight of the drum, means for ro tating the stone and drum at the same surface speed, links connected with the yoke to raise the saine and having a support at their lower ends, and a treadle with connections to such links arranged and operated to press the drumtoward the stone, substantially as herein set forth.

4. A leather-Stoning machine having an inclined table to support the leather, a cylindrical stone revolved above such table, a cushioned drum operated through an aperture in the table to press the leather upon the stone, a carriage traversed longitudinally back and forth across the face of the stone and provined with bearings for the brush, and means for pressing such bearings toward the stone, and a wire brush materially less in length than the stone mounted loosely in said bearings and pressed toward the revolving stone, whereby the brush is rotated solely bycontact with the stone, and frictional rubbing of the brush upon the stone is avoided, substantially as herein set forth.

5. A leather-stoning machine having an inclined table to support the leather, a cylindrical stone revolved above such table, a cushioned drum operated through an aperture in the table to press the leather upon the stone, a carriage traversed longitudinally back and forth across the face of the stone and provided with bearings set obliquely to the axis of the stone, and with means for pressing such hearings toward the stone, and a cylindrical wire brush mounted to turn loosely in such bearings and making a limited tangential contact with the stone, whereby the bearing of the brush upon the stone is changed as it is traversed, and its operation is more concentrated and eifective, substantially as herein set forth.

6. In a leather-rubbing machine, the com bination, with two side frames tied together and having each a base portion and a gooseneck portion extended over such base, of a cylindrical stone rotated in hearings upon the ends of the goosenecks, a table mounted between the two bearingsof the frame with an aperture adjacent to such stone, a yoke hinged upon the base portion of the frame and carrying a cushioned drum, a treadle with connections for pressing the drum toward the stone, a counter-shaft journaled upon the frame with suitable belts and pulleys for rotating the drum and stone at the same surface speed, a feed-shaft journaled adjacent to the counter-shaft and movable at one end to and from the same, frictionpulleys upon the said shafts and means for pressing such pulleys together at pleasure to rotate the feed-shaft, a tool with a carriage arranged to traverse such tool across the face of the stone, and means connected with the feed-shaft for automatically reciprocating the carriage when the feed-shaft is rotated, substantially as herein set forth.

7. In a leather-rubbing machine, the combination, with a cylindrical rubbing-stone, of a table for supporting the leather beneath such stone and provided with an aperture adjacent to the stone, the cushion-drum projected through such aperture and having an axle with bearin gs movable toward the stone, links projected downwardly from such hearings and provided each with the two-roll disks on its lower end, an inclined guide held upon the frame tosupport such two-roll disks and provided with the groove having oisets upon its upper and lower sides adjacent to such disks respectively, and a treadle with connections to the links, to move the same for pressing the drum upwardly, substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT A. GUIGUES. Witnesses:

CHARLES VAN WINKLE, THOMAS S. CRANE.

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